Pain Relievers

Acetaminophen has been on the market for 20 years and is sold under many brand names, including Tylenol, Excedrin, and Pamprin. The adult dosage is 325 or 500 milligrams—two tablets every four hours.

Pros: Relieves mild to moderate pain; is gentler on the stomach than aspirin; reduces fever without risk of Reye’s syndrome

Cons: Less effective than aspirin for soft tissue injuries, such as muscle strains and sprains; may cause liver damage in heavy drinkers; may cause liver or kidney damage in people who take excessive amounts (more than 4,000 milligrams daily) for several weeks

Naproxen sodium, marketed as Alleve, received FDA approval in 1994. The adult dose is 200 milligrams every eight to 12 hours.

Pros: Provides good relief for menstrual cramps, toothaches, minor arthritis, and injuries where inflammation is present; reduces fever

Cons: Increased risk of gastric bleeding and impaired liver function; may provoke ulcers or kidney damage, especially in the elderly

Naproxen sodium, marketed as Alleve, received FDA approval in 1994. The adult dose is 200 milligrams every eight to 12 hours. Risks and benefits of naproxen are similar to those listed under ibuprofen.